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The Effect of pH on the Accumulation of Astaxanthin in Haematococcus Pluvialis in the Induction Stage
Sun Yu-hao,
Cui Shi-gang,
Zhang Yong-li
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
23-29
Received:
18 April 2022
Accepted:
Published:
20 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.mc.20221002.11
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Abstract: In order to explore the influence of Haematococcus pluvialis on the accumulation of astaxanthin in the medium pH environment during the induction phase, two algae species bank algae liquids were selected (the algae species bank established by Shanghai Guangyu Biotechnology Co, Freshwater Algae Species Bank of Chinese Academy of Sciences) through the method of comparative experiment to explore the medium composition (modified BG11) in the same ratio, the light intensity is 240μmol·m-2·s-1, the temperature is 15~25°C, through citric acid and hydroxide Sodium solution is used to adjust the algae environment with a small gradient of pH 6.5, 7, and 7.5 respectively. Regularly take the algae fluid to detect and record the absorbance value and the average cell radius of Haematococcus pluvialis cells, observe the color of the algae fluid, the induction effect, and record the red blood cell data generated by Haematococcus pluvialis, and then use the least squares curve to simulate Collect data to show the accumulation of astaxanthin and subsequent experimental verification. It is concluded that the astaxanthin accumulation effect of the freshwater algae species bank with a pH of 6.5 under this comparative environment is better than that of the other two pH environments, and the freshwater algae species bank algae fluid has a better astaxanthin accumulation effect in this environment Guangyu's conclusion of the species library algae liquid.
Abstract: In order to explore the influence of Haematococcus pluvialis on the accumulation of astaxanthin in the medium pH environment during the induction phase, two algae species bank algae liquids were selected (the algae species bank established by Shanghai Guangyu Biotechnology Co, Freshwater Algae Species Bank of Chinese Academy of Sciences) through th...
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Design of New Inhibitors to Fight Against the 3CLpro Protease of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
Georges Stéphane Dembélé,
Mamadou Guy-Richard Koné,
Doh Soro,
Fandia Konaté,
Bibata Konaté,
Nahossé Ziao
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
30-47
Received:
6 April 2022
Accepted:
23 April 2022
Published:
28 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.mc.20221002.12
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Abstract: The objective of this work is to design new compounds more active against SARS-CoV-2. This design study of new inhibitors on the main protease source of coronavirus (3CLpro) was conducted on ten molecules using Molecular Modeling techniques (Docking, QSAR, ADMET). Molecular docking between M5, M8 and M1 showing best, medium and low scores respectively. The active site residues revealed that the M5 ligand establishes more hydrogen bonds on all the ligands studied thus forming the most stable complex. Predicting the pIC50 of the molecules in the training set as a function of the variation in binding energy (∆∆G) to the pathogen, allowed us to develop a QSAR model accredited with very good statistical indicators R2 = 0.9137; S = 0.058; F = 52.942. The applicability domain of the model obtained from the lever method shows that all compounds belong to the applicability domain. Moreover, the reliability of this model allowed the design of twenty (20) new potential molecules with theoretical inhibitory concentration potentials (pIC50th) values superior to those of the molecules in the database. Finally, the pharmacokinetic profile of the proposed molecules was confirmed by the satisfaction of the Lipinski and ADMET.
Abstract: The objective of this work is to design new compounds more active against SARS-CoV-2. This design study of new inhibitors on the main protease source of coronavirus (3CLpro) was conducted on ten molecules using Molecular Modeling techniques (Docking, QSAR, ADMET). Molecular docking between M5, M8 and M1 showing best, medium and low scores respectiv...
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Raman Spectral Characteristic Analysis of Natural Gas Hydrate Decomposition Process
Chunyang Wei,
Zhuang Zhao,
Jingwei Zhu,
Zhiyuan Xue
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
48-55
Received:
1 April 2022
Accepted:
22 April 2022
Published:
7 May 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.mc.20221002.13
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Abstract: Natural gas hydrate is an important potential energy source. Hydrates are easy to decompose at room temperature and pressure. In this paper, the laser Raman technology is used to quickly detect mixed gas hydrates at room temperature. The spectral characteristics show that: (1) The peak area ratio of the Raman spectrum is analyzed to obtain the mixed gas hydrate. The structure is type II, the stretching vibration or rotation region of the C-C bond is 700~2500cm-1, the stretching vibration region of the C-H bond is 2850~3000cm-1, and the stretching vibration region of the O-H bond is 3000~3800cm-1; (2) Observing the change of C-H bond energy with time shows that the bond energy of hydrates prepared in the laboratory gradually decreases with the passage of time under normal temperature and pressure, and the peak disappears; (3) Spectral peaks and Raman patterns identified by combining with wavelet analysis theory build a natural gas hydrate analysis library. In the process of natural gas hydrate extraction and transportation, the application of laser Raman technology does not require any sample processing, and the detection process can be fast, convenient and accurate. This technology provides an effective detection, analysis and evaluation method for hydrate state research. Combined with wavelet analysis, Raman spectroscopy can be used for online detection in the process of hydrate mining and transportation, providing a convenient detection method for hydrate research.
Abstract: Natural gas hydrate is an important potential energy source. Hydrates are easy to decompose at room temperature and pressure. In this paper, the laser Raman technology is used to quickly detect mixed gas hydrates at room temperature. The spectral characteristics show that: (1) The peak area ratio of the Raman spectrum is analyzed to obtain the mixe...
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Synthesis of 2-Oxazolines from Diketene Using DAST via Beckmann Rearrangement
Tony Wheellyam Pouambeka,
Guy Crepin Enoua,
Narcisse Nicaise Obaya,
Bob Wilfrid Loumouamou,
Hubert Makomo,
Victor N’Goka
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
56-67
Received:
23 February 2022
Accepted:
18 March 2022
Published:
27 June 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.mc.20221002.14
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Abstract: A novel synthesis of 2-oxazolines from diketene by using DAST via Beckmann rearrangement as been described. The route involves a one-pot amidation of diketene with different amines at 70°C in the presence of toluene to form corresponding amides followed by reacting the amides with K2CO3 and DMF at room temperature to form corresponding carboxamides and carboxylates. The carboxamides and carboxylates are then reacted with NH2OH•HCL and NaOAc in presence of ethanol and water to form Ketoximes which are then reacted in one pot synthesis with DAST and dichloromethane at room temperature to form corresponding oxazolines via Beckmann rearrangement. Ketoximes are one of the most popular functional groups and are readily prepared by a number of methods. The initial step of our study was the strategic formation of the ketoxime from carboxamides species which would then be converted to corresponding oxazolines via Beckmann rearrangement. Each new compound has been elucidated through 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The Characterization data of compound was also agrees with the molecular masses of HRMS (ESI-TOF). Indeed, all the corresponding products were obtained with a good yield. The studies utilizing this strategy for the production of oxazolines are ongoing in our laboratory. Further expansion of the substrate scope, elucidating the mechanism and exploring the applications of this transformation are now under investigation in our laboratory. We are hopeful; the synthesis of 2-oxazolines from diketene by using DAST via Beckmann rearrangement will be useful in many scientific researches.
Abstract: A novel synthesis of 2-oxazolines from diketene by using DAST via Beckmann rearrangement as been described. The route involves a one-pot amidation of diketene with different amines at 70°C in the presence of toluene to form corresponding amides followed by reacting the amides with K2CO3 and DMF at room temperature to form corresponding carboxamides...
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